It serves as check and balance on the executive and legislative branch of the Nigerian government structure. Nigerian Army Education Corps and School, This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 16:09. The military derives pleasure in passing harsh laws (draconian laws) which sometimes take retroactive effect. Soldiers don't belong on the streetsand the army is uniquely placed to pressure the government for police reforms to tackle. )government consumption: 5.8% (2017 est. (3) The composition of the officer corps and other ranks of the armed forces of the Federation shall reflect the federal character of Nigeria. The upper chamber, which is known as the Senate, consists of 109 members who are called senators. )2.21% (2019 est. Altogether 38 soldiers and 1 civilian were executed by firing squad as a result of their involvement in this coup. That policy statement did not deter Nigeria under Generals Ibrahim Babangida in 1990 and Sani Abacha in 1997, from sending ECOMOG peacekeeping forces under the auspices of ECOWAS into Liberia and later Sierra Leone, when the civil wars broke out in those countries. Term: First Term (Week 2) Emblem of the Nigerian Armed Forces by service branches. note: data are in current year dollars$72.178 billion (2020 est.) Military rule in Nigeria first started on January 15, 1966, when a group or army officers overthrew the NPC-NNDP government and killed many of the countrys political rulers. Each state has its local government areas into which it is divided into. ), number of registered air carriers: 13 (2020)inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 104annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 8,169,192 (2018)annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 19.42 million (2018) mt-km, total: 40over 3,047 m: 102,438 to 3,047 m: 121,524 to 2,437 m: 9914 to 1,523 m: 6under 914 m: 3 (2021), total: 141,524 to 2,437 m: 2914 to 1,523 m: 9under 914 m: 3 (2021), 124 km condensate, 4,045 km gas, 164 km liquid petroleum gas, 4,441 km oil, 3,940 km refined products (2013), total: 3,798 km (2014)standard gauge: 293 km (2014) 1.435-m gaugenarrow gauge: 3,505 km (2014) 1.067-m gaugenote: as of the end of 2018, there were only six operational locomotives in Nigeria primarily used for passenger service; the majority of the rail lines are in a severe state of disrepair and need to be replaced, total: 195,000 km (2017)paved: 60,000 km (2017)unpaved: 135,000 km (2017), 8,600 km (2011) (Niger and Benue Rivers and smaller rivers and creeks), total: 791by type: general cargo 14, oil tanker 110, other 667 (2021), major seaport(s): Bonny Inshore Terminal, Calabar, Lagosoil terminal(s): Bonny Terminal, Brass Terminal, Escravos Terminal, Forcados Terminal, Pennington Terminal, Qua Iboe TerminalLNG terminal(s) (export): Bonny Island, Nigerian Armed Forces: Army, Navy (includes Coast Guard), Air Force; Ministry of Interior: Nigeria Security and Civil Defense Corps (NSCDC) (2022)note 1: the NSCDC a paramilitary agency commissioned to assist the military in the management of threats to internal security, including attacks and natural disastersnote 2: some states have created local security forces in response to increased violence, insecurity, and criminality that have exceeded the response capacity of government security forces, 0.7% of GDP (2021 est. At this point in time, the Nigerian military ballooned in strength from 85,000 personnel in 1967, to more than 250,000 troops by the war's end. Muhammadu BUHARI (since 29 May 2015); Vice President Oluyemi "Yemi" OSINBAJO (since 29 May 2015); note - the president is both chief of state, head of government, and commander-in-chief of the armed forceshead of government: President Maj. Gen. )exports: 27,509,177,000 cubic meters (2019 est. This is an inter-service Operational Team, comprising members of the army, navy, and air force to combat terrorism in the Niger Delta. )wine: 0.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. So,what system of government is Nigeria practicing now? )0.5% of GDP (2019) (approximately $3.53 billion)0.5% of GDP (2018) (approximately $3.72 billion)0.5% of GDP (2017) (approximately $3.42 billion), information varies; approximately 135,000 active duty armed forces personnel (100,000 Army; 20,000 Navy/Coast Guard; 15,000 Air Force); approximately 80,000 Security and Civil Defense Corps (2022), the military's inventory consists of a wide variety of imported weapons systems of Chinese, European, Middle Eastern, Russian (including Soviet-era), and US origin; the military is undergoing a considerable modernization program, and in recent years has received equipment from some 20 countries with China, Russia, and the US as the leading suppliers; Nigeria is also developing a defense-industry capacity, including small arms, armored personnel vehicles, and small-scale naval production (2023), 18-26 years of age for men and women for voluntary military service; no conscription (2022), 200 Ghana (ECOMIG) (2022)note: Nigeria has committed an Army combat brigade (approximately 3,000 troops) to the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF), a regional counter-terrorism force comprised of troops from Benin, Cameroon, Chad, and Niger; MNJTF conducts operations against Boko Haram and other terrorist groups operating in the general area of the Lake Chad Basin and along Nigeria's northeast border; national MNJTF troop contingents are deployed within their own country territories, although crossborder operations are conducted periodically, the Nigerian military is sub-Saharan Africas largest and regarded as one of its most capable forces; the Army and Air Force are focused largely on internal security and face a number of challenges that have stretched their resources; the Army is deployed in all 36 of the country's states; in the northeast, it is conducting counterinsurgency/counterterrorist operations against the Boko Haram (BH) and Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham in West Africa (ISIS-WA) terrorist groups, where it has deployed as many as 70,000 troops at times and jihadist-related violence has killed an estimated 35-40,000 people, mostly civilians, since 2009; in the northwest, it faces growing threats from criminal gangs, bandits, and violence associated with long-standing farmer-herder conflicts, as well as BH and ISIS-WA terrorists; bandits in the northwest are estimated to number in the low 10,000s and violence there has killed more than 10,000 people since the mid-2010s; the military also continues to protect the oil industry in the Niger Delta region against militants and criminal activity, although the levels of violence there have decreased in recent years; since 2021, additional troops and security forces have been deployed to eastern Nigeria to quell renewed agitation for a state of Biafra (Biafra seceded from Nigeria in the late 1960s, sparking a civil war that caused more than 1 million deaths), meanwhile, the Navy is focused on security in the Gulf of Guinea; since 2016, it has developed a maritime strategy, boosted naval training and its naval presence in the Gulf, increased participation in regional maritime security efforts, and acquired a considerable number of new naval platforms, including offshore and coastal patrol craft, fast attack boats, and air assets; its principal surface ships currently include a frigate and 4 corvettes or offshore patrol ships, the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial and offshore waters in the Niger Delta and Gulf of Guinea remain a very high risk for piracy and armed robbery of ships; in 2021, there were 34 reported incidents of piracy and armed robbery at sea in the Gulf of Guinea region; although a significant decrease from the total number of 81 incidents in 2020, it included the one hijacking and three of five ships fired upon worldwide; while boarding and attempted boarding to steal valuables from ships and crews are the most common types of incidents, almost a third of all incidents involve a hijacking and/or kidnapping; in 2021, 57 crew members were kidnapped in seven separate incidents in the Gulf of Guinea, representing 100% of kidnappings worldwide; Nigerian pirates in particular are well armed and very aggressive, operating as far as 200 nm offshore; the Maritime Administration of the US Department of Transportation has issued a Maritime Advisory (2022-001 - Gulf of Guinea-Piracy/Armed Robbery/Kidnapping for Ransom) effective 4 January 2022, which states in part, "Piracy, armed robbery, and kidnapping for ransom continue to serve as significant threats to US-flagged vessels transiting or operating in the Gulf of Guinea", Boko Haram; Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham West Africa; Jamaatu Ansarul Muslimina Fi Biladis-Sudan (Ansaru)note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix-T, Nigeria-Cameroon: Joint Border Commission with Cameroon reviewed 2002 ICJ ruling on the entire boundary and bilaterally resolved differences, including June 2006 Greentree Agreement that immediately ceded sovereignty of the Bakassi Peninsula to Cameroon with a phaseout of Nigerian control within two years while resolving patriation issues; demarcation of the Bakassi Peninsula and adjoining border areas should be finalized in 2022; as Lake Chads evaporation exposed dry land, only Nigeria and Cameroon have heeded the Lake Chad Commission's admonition to ratify the delimitation treaty which also includes the Chad-Niger and Niger-Nigeria boundaries, Nigeria-Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea: the ICJ ruled on an equidistance settlement of Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf of Guinea, but imprecisely defined coordinates in the ICJ decision and a sovereignty dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over an island at the mouth of the Ntem River all contribute to the delay in implementation, refugees (country of origin): 87,220 (Cameroon) (2023)IDPs: 3.17 million (northeast Nigeria; Boko Haram attacks and counterinsurgency efforts in northern Nigeria; communal violence between Christians and Muslims in the middle belt region, political violence; flooding; forced evictions; cattle rustling; competition for resources) (2023), a significant source for cannabis cultivation and methamphetamine production; a major place for transnational drug trafficking networks that supply cocaine to Asia and Europe, heroin to Europe and North America, and methamphetamine to South Africa, Southeast Asia, Australia, and New Zealand; traffickers also involved in the transportation, facilitation, and distribution of illicitly diverted tramadol, total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030, Children under the age of 5 years underweight, International law organization participation, Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Military and security service personnel strengths, Military equipment inventories and acquisitions, Refugees and internally displaced persons, Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI). A complete overhaul is needed, including accountability for human rights abuses, if Nigerians are not to be left at the mercy of Boko Haram and other armed groups. Each ministry has a permanent secretary, a senior civil servant. Disclaimer. Student Guides The Nigerian government structure in one piece that every Nigerian citizen should know. )hydroelectricity: 21.7% of total installed capacity (2020 est. The policies that govern the country cutting across the states to the lowest level of government are formed at the federal level. The House of Representative is made of 360 members who are elected in single member constituencies. Unlike the Senate, the seats at the House of Representatives are not equally shared between the states. There was a coup attempt during the Abacha led administration in 1995 and this led to the arrest and imprisonment of the likes of General Obasanjo, Major General Shehu Musa Yaradua and some other prominent soldiers. ), -$1.849 billion (2021 est. The National Assembly is also responsible for the approval or disapproval of bills passed into the house, confirmation of appointments made by the president. Olusegun Obasanjo, who by 1999, had become president, bemoaned the fact in his inaugural address that year: " Professionalism has been lost my heart bleeds to see the degradation in the proficiency of the military. ), 104.494 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. Particularly, due to the fact that many of the leaders and military officers murdered during that coup were northerners. Corruption pervades the daily lives of Nigerians. Provision of basic amenities like education, quality and affordable health care, good water, good roads, etc. [5] With a force of more than 2,230,000 active personnel, the Nigerian military is one of the largest uniformed combat services in Africa. Nigeria also is a major source, transit, and destination country for forced labor and sex trafficking. There are roadblocks to a strong democracy in Nigeria at all levels of government. It is always recommended to visit an institution's official website for more information. )male: 6.9% (2020 est. The future of Nigerian politics lies in tolerating civilian governance. Abuja has not successfully implemented family planning programs to reduce and space births because of a lack of political will, government financing, and the availability and affordability of services and products, as well as a cultural preference for large families. It is ranked last in the world on the UN Development Programme's Human Development Index. )investment in inventories: 0.7% (2017 est. These commissioners and advisers cannot be members of the state house of assembly neither can they be members of the national assembly. It was an advisory body to the S.M.C./A.F.R.C. The local government reforms of 1976 have been described as a landmark in the history of local government in Nigeria. It was adopted in its original form May 29 1999 in Abuja at the dawn of the Nigerian fourth republic. Major General Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi was made the Head of the Federal Military Government of Nigeria, but was soon overthrown and murdered in a coup in July of the same year. [23] The U.S. commercial military contractor, Military Professional Resources Inc. has been involved around 19992000 in advising on civil-military relations for the armed forces.[24]. )note: Nigeria, Africa's most populous country, is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups, English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), Fulani, over 500 additional indigenous languages, Muslim 53.5%, Roman Catholic 10.6%, other Christian 35.3%, other 0.6% (2018 est.). The Chief Justice of Nigeria also presides over the National Judicial Council, an executive body established by the Nigerian federal government to protect the judiciary branch from the influence of the executive branch. Nigeria is a republic with a federal democracy and an executive president. National Economic Council. the federal government and its components (state and local government). There are five operational bases; five forward operational bases (with two more soon to come on stream), two dockyards located in Lagos and Port Harcourt and two fleets based in Lagos and Calabar. From 1966 to 1999, Nigeria experienced a series of military coups, excluding the short-lived second republic between 1979 and 1983. )wind: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. The National Defence Council has been in existence since 1979 and advises the President on matters relating to the armed forces. 1922 - Part of . The 2015 election was also heralded for the fact that the then-umbrella opposition party, the All Progressives Congress, defeated the long-ruling People's Democratic Party that had governed since 1999, and assumed the presidency, marking the first peaceful transfer of power from one party to another. Organizing and providing relevant educational content, resources and information for students. I think you should know that according to Wikipedia, the major cause of federalism in Nigeria is the demand for the creation of newer states in Nigeria. Im just going to give a quick list here. One of the senior Army officers at that time, General Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi had used the coup as an opportunity and he was able to annex power to become the first military head of State. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Since then, in its top-level positions, the country has been ruled by military or police officers, with one solitary civilian governor in the Ibo East Central State. )note: data are in 2017 dollars, 16.95% (2021 est. The United States established diplomatic relations with Nigeria in 1960, following Nigeria's independence from the United Kingdom. The structure of government under Gowon was basically unitarian. ), total: 3.7% (2020 est. [28] It flies transport, trainer, helicopter, and fighter aircraft. Federalism is a system of government in which governmental powers that exists in a country are shared between central government and component region. Federalism has been present in Nigeria since the former British colony was reorganized into a federation of three regions in 1946. Nigeria's default on the issues of democracy and/or good governance and human rights, strained, without a shadow of a doubt, the relationship between the country's civil society, the international community and the Nigerian state under General Sani Abacha. The Nigerian government structure has been resilient; it has jumped back on its feet and modified itself from past experiences. In 1914, the British amalgamated their separately administered northern and southern territories into modern-day Nigeria. (male 3,635,334/female 4,123,030) 2022 population pyramid Dependency ratios The roles of a country's armed forces are entrenched in her constitution. This coup was also masterminded by Muritala Muhammed and he thereafter assumed power. In doing so, it played an appreciable part in reinforcing the military's nearly first-among-equals status within Nigerian society, and the linked decline in military effectiveness. The coup plotters attacked Ibadan, Lagos and Kaduna within a period of 2 days. We have in the apex the big Commander-in-Chief and it then goes down. Cookies are small files that are stored on your browser. These included Islamic empires in northern Nigeria and smaller organized political groupings in southern Nigeria. They have the following duties to perform: Now, lets talk about the arms of government in Nigeria. The Nigerian Navy is currently headed by Vice Admiral Awwal Zubairu Gambo.[27]. The coup plotters went on to elect Lt Colonel Yakubu Gowon as the new head of State. [11], Today, the NAF faces a number of domestic challenges which continue to undermine stability within Nigeria and the region as a whole. It is too military in structure. In ancient and pre-colonial times, the area of present-day Nigeria was occupied by a great diversity of ethnic groups with different languages and traditions. Scholarships This happened on the 15thof January 1966 and that marked the beginning of military rule in the country. As a way of forestalling any coup, he quickly established Supreme Military Council which was to manage affairs of the country. Age structure 0-14 years: 40.69% (male 47,978,838/female 45,940,446) 15-64 years: 55.95% (male 64,923,147/female 64,241,948) 65 years and over: 3.36% (2023 est.) Military regimes are by their nature autocratic; they are insensitive to the opinions or the demands of the people. President Olusegun Obasanjo in August 2003, committed the Nigerian troops once again into Liberia, at the appeal of the United States, to provide an interim presence until the United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) arrived. )from coal and metallurgical coke: 231,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. ), municipal: 5 billion cubic meters (2017 est. )consumption: 24,611,480,000 kWh (2019 est. ), revenues: $12.92 billion (2017 est. President Muhammadu Buhari's over-due reforms aren't yet enough to turn an under-resourced, over-stretched and corrupt army back into a professional force. The Nigerian Navy command structure today, consists of the Naval Headquarters in Abuja as well as three other operational commands with headquarters in Lagos, Calabar and Bayelsa. Jimi Peters, 'The Nigerian Military and the State,' 1997. ), electrification - total population: 62% (2019)electrification - urban areas: 91% (2019)electrification - rural areas: 30% (2019), installed generating capacity: 11.691 million kW (2020 est. The Nigerian government structure is made up of its 3 levels, and 3 arms of government, and leadership structure. ), fossil fuels: 78.1% of total installed capacity (2020 est. \(\overset{\underset{\mathrm{def}}{}}{=} \). document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Passnownow.com digitally democratizes access to education content for Nigerian Students and Teachers. [9][10] Nigeria's Armed Forces would continue to remain an active element in combat operations throughout the African continent over the proceeding decades, with bobs It has seen its changes to military regime to democracy era, including the good and bad sides of these regimes. Obasanjo, quoted in Herbert M. Howe, Ambiguous Order: Military Forces in African States, Lynne Rienner, Boulder/London, 2001, p.54. ), total subscriptions: 204,228,678 (2020 est. ), total population: 61.79 yearsmale: 59.93 yearsfemale: 63.75 years (2023 est. Abdullahi Abacha, the 36-year-old son of the late Nigerian military dictator, Sani Abacha, is . Apart from this, the structure of the civil service remains the same as that of the civilian regime. Subsequently, 69 soldiers of different ranks were accused of treason and were subsequently executed by firing squad. In summary, we use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Nigeria operates a bicameral legislature at the federal level, and a unicameral legislature at the state level. Age Calculator, About Us )other: 12.5% (2018 est. )transmission/distribution losses: 4.713 billion kWh (2019 est. The unicameral legislature is peculiar to each of the 36 states in Nigeria. Each state has a governor that can serve for 4 years in a term. Nigeria is dominantly made of three prominent regions: the North (Hausa Fulani), the West (Yorubas) and the East (Igbos) with minorities in other regions.The military took over the leadership. Your browser seems to have Javascript disabled. structure of military government in nigeria. )permanent pasture: 33.3% (2018 est. ), total petroleum production: 1,646,900 bbl/day (2021 est. The structure of Nigerian government come in a planned system; the 3 tiers of government (also known as levels of government), and the arms of government (also known as branches of government), Also Read: The relationship between the three tiers of government in Nigeria. Provision of security to its citizens lives and properties. Lack of respect for the rule of law; the military does not respect the rule of law because the military rule is conducted without a constitution. But why? It has two chambers: the upper chamber, and the lower chamber. note: data are in current year dollars$39.937 billion (2020 est.) ), cassava, yams, maize, oil palm fruit, rice, vegetables, sorghum, groundnuts, fruit, sweet potatoes, crude oil, coal, tin, columbite; rubber products, wood; hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel, agriculture: 70%industry: 10%services: 20% (1999 est. Establishment of research institutes, educational institutions, health care facilities, etc. In 2007, the Air Force had a strength of 10,000. Unless specified, this website is not in any way affiliated with any of the institutions featured. People Ive done 10yrs studying this, just did in 10mins, Oasdom.com 2015 - 2022 Blogten Limited, The Nigerian Government Structure Explained, The Top 10 Best Colleges In UK (QS Ranking), Top 51 Best University In Nigeria (Latest), The history of Abuja How it was created, List of all Nigerian presidents from 1960 till date, creation of the 36 state and capital in Nigeria, The History and Impacts of Military Rule in Nigeria, Updated list of 20 local governments in Lagos state and their wards, History of Military Rule in Nigeria Causes and Impacts, Nigerian taxation and tax system explained, Nigerian Government revenue allocation and sharing formula, The relationship between the three tiers of government in Nigeria. There are 774 local government areas in the Nigerian government structure, with Kano having the largest number of 44 and the smallest number of 9 belonging to Bayelsa state. The governor is the Chief pilot of the state plane, and has the power to appoint the rest of his cabin crew, which are the commissioners and advisers (unlike the federal level where they are called ministers). ), general assessment: one of the larger telecom markets in Africa subject to sporadic access to electricity and vandalism of infrastructure; most Internet connections are via mobile networks; market competition with affordable access; LTE technologies available but GSM is dominant; mobile penetration high due to use of multiple SIM cards and phones; government committed to expanding broadband penetration; operators to deploy fiber optic cable in six geopolitical zones and Lagos; operators invested in base stations to deplete network congestion; submarine cable break in 2020 slowed speeds and interrupted connectivity; Nigeria concluded its first 5G spectrum auction in 2021 and granted licenses to two firms; construction of 5G infrastructure has not yet been completed (2022)domestic: fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular services growing rapidly, in part responding to the shortcomings of the fixed-line network; multiple cellular providers operate nationally with subscribership base over 99 per 100 persons (2020)international: country code - 234; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC, NCSCS, MainOne, Glo-1 & 2, ACE, and Equianofiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and South and West Africa; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) (2019)note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services, nearly 70 federal government-controlled national and regional TV stations; all 36 states operate TV stations; several private TV stations operational; cable and satellite TV subscription services are available; network of federal government-controlled national, regional, and state radio stations; roughly 40 state government-owned radio stations typically carry their own programs except for news broadcasts; about 20 private radio stations; transmissions of international broadcasters are available; digital broadcasting migration process completed in three states in 2018 (2019), total: 74,210,251 (2020 est. Nigeria held a successful democratic election in 1999 which led to the election of Olusegun Obasanjo as the President on the 29thof May 1999. Its decrees could not be challenged in any law court. After this coup, Lt Colonel Yakubu Gowon was sworn in to power. Developing and maintaining of external relations. )imports: 0 kWh (2019 est. Shehu Shagari wasnt killed but this coup led to the death of a loyal officer to the government in the person of Brigadier Ibrahim Bako. )$42.839 billion (31 December 2018 est. Interesting History: List of all Nigerian presidents from 1960 till date, The state government level of the Nigerian government structure is divided into 36 states and 1 territory. Thank you. Government West-African Constitutional Development Nigerian Military Rule. Quick Interesting Post: The History and Impacts of Military Rule in Nigeria. However, the Buhari Government was in power for just 20 months as Major General Ibrahim Babangida would later stage a coup on the 27thof August 1985 leading to the ouster of the Buhari-led Government. )-$13.685 billion (2019 est. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. )carbon dioxide emissions: 120.37 megatons (2016 est. )imports: 77,000 metric tons (2020 est. [7], The Nigerian Armed Forces were established in 1960 as the successor to the combat units of the Royal West African Frontier Force stationed in the country, which had previously served as the British Empire's multi-battalion field force, during Nigeria's protectorate period.